A new insight into the management of myofascial pain syndrome: Miyofasial ağrı sendromu tedavisinde yeni ufuklar

İrfan  Koca; Ahmet Boyacı

doi:10.5455/GMJ-30-149824

Authors

İrfan Koca Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Gaziantep, Gaziantep, Turkey
Ahmet Boyacı Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Harran University, Şanlıurfa, Turkey

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5455/GMJ-30-149824

Keywords:

Myofascial pain syndrome, physical therapy, trigger point, trigger point injection

Abstract

Myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) is a musculoskeletal disorder which is characterized by pain, muscle spasms, and muscle tenderness, as well as a limited range of motion, weakness, and rarely, autonomous dysfunction. Management includes exercise programs in particular, and many other invasive and non-invasive therapies, depending on the clinical status of the patient. The main options include medical therapies with analgesics, myorelaxants and antidepressants, hot pack therapy, exercise, stretch and spray therapy, ischemic compression, therapeutic massage, biofeedback, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), ultrasound (US), interferential (IFA) current, low-energy light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation (LASER), extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT), trigger point injections, dry needling, and acupuncture. There is growing evidence that trigger point injections and dry needling, as well as stretching exercises, are effective alternatives in the management of MPS. Management success is primarily based on the cooperation of the patient and the treating physician and the elimination of predisposing factors.

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