Propolis Attenuates Nitrosative Stress in the Brain Tissue of Rats Exposed to Total Head Irradiation

Seyithan Taysi; Nour Alafandi; Elif Demir; Kadir Çınar

doi:10.5152/eurjther.2021.21096

Authors

Seyithan Taysi Department of Medical Biochemistry, Gaziantep University, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep, Turkey https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1251-3148
Nour Alafandi Department of Medical Biochemistry, Gaziantep University, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep, Turkey https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8315-167X
Elif Demir Department of Medical Biochemistry, Gaziantep University, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep, Turkey - Division of Biochemistry, College of Health, Harran University, S anlıurfa, Turkey https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4545-5175
Kadir Çınar Department of Neurosurgery, Sanko University, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep, Turkey https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4517-3808

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5152/eurjther.2021.21096

Keywords:

Irradiation, propolis, nitric oxide, nitric oxide synthase, peroxynitrite

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to research the radioprotective aspect of propolis on the brain tissue of rats exposed to ionizing radiation and its ability in reducing nitrosative stress resulting from ionizing radiation. Methods: In this study, 32 rats were used. They were randomly divided into four equal groups: two control groups, one irradiation only group, and the last group is both IR exposed and propolis administered. A single dose of 5 Gy was given to the other two groups except the control groups. Biochemical parameters were measured by spectrophotometry to determine whether protective effects of propolis were present. Results: In this study, it was determined that nitric oxide, peroxynitrite values, and nitric oxide synthase activity were significantly higher in the radiotherapy only group in comparison to both propolis and irradiation-treated groups. Conclusion: These findings suggest that the use of propolis has a protective effect against the adverse effects of nitrosative stress caused by ionizing radiation. However, to be assured of these beneficiary effects of propolis should be supported by further pharmacological and toxicological research.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

References

Altay H, Demir E, Binici H, Aytac I, Taysi ME, Taysi S. Radioprotective effects of propolis and CAPE on the tongue tissues of total-head

irradiated rats. Eur J Ther. 2020;26(3):202-207.

Ercan K, Gecesefa OF, Taysi ME, Ali OA, Taysi S. Moringa oleifera (MO): A review of its occurrence, pharmacological importance and

oxidative stress. Mini Rev Med Chem. 2021;21(3):380-396.

Celik E, Taysi S, Sucu S, Ulusal H, Sevincler E, Celik A. Urotensin 2 and oxidative stress levels in maternal serum in pregnancies complicated by intrauterine growth restriction. Medicina-Lithuania. 2019;55(7):328.

Singh AK, Pandey P, Tewari M, Pandey HP, Gambhir IS, Shukla HS. Free radicals hasten head and neck cancer risk: A study of total

oxidant, total antioxidant, DNA damage, and histological grade. J Postgrad Med. 2016;62(2):96-101.

Valko M, Leibfritz D, Moncol J, Cronin MT, Mazur M, Telser J. Free radicals and antioxidants in normal physiological functions and

human disease. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2007;39(1):44-84.

Cikman O, Taysi S, Gulsen MT, et al. The radio-protective effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester and thymoquinone in rats exposed to

total head irradiation. Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2015;127(3-4):103-108.

Taysi S, Tascan Saglam A, Ugur MG, Demir M. Radicals, oxidative/nitrosative stress and preeclampsia. Mini-Rev Med Chem.

;19(3):178-193.

Mahmoud YK, Abdelrazek HMA. Cancer: Thymoquinone antioxidant/pro-oxidant effect as potential anticancer remedy. Biomed

Pharmacother. 2019;115:108783.

Akyuz M, Taysi S, Baysal E, et al. Radioprotective effect of thymoquinone on salivary gland of rats exposed to total cranial irradiation.

Head Neck. 2017;39(10):2027-2035.

Khayyo N, Taysi ME, Demir E, et al. Radioprotective effect of caffeic acid phenethyl ester on the brain tissue in rats who underwent

total-head irradiation. Eur J Ther. 2019;25(4):265-272.

Taysi S, Memisogullari R, Koc M, et al. Melatonin reduces oxidative stress in the rat lens due to radiation-induced oxidative injury. Int J Radiat Biol. 2008;84(10):803-808.

Cikman O, Ozkan A, Aras AB, et al. Radioprotective effects of Nigella sativa oil against oxidative stress in liver tissue of rats

exposed to total head irradiation. J Invest Surg. 2014;27(5):262-266.

Demir E, Taysi S, Al B, et al. The effects of Nigella sativa oil, thymoquinone, propolis, and caffeic acid phenethyl ester on radiationinduced cataract. Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2016;128(Suppl. 8):587-595.

Alkis HE, Kuzhan A, Dirier A, et al. Neuroprotective effects of propolis and caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) on the radiationinjured

brain tissue (neuroprotective effects of propolis and CAPE). Int J Radiat Res. 2015;13(4):297-303.

Durak I, Ozturk HS, Elgun S, Cimen MY, Yalcin S. Erythrocyte nitric oxide metabolism in patients with chronic renal failure. Clin Nephrol. 2001;55(6):460-464.

Bories PN, Bories C. Nitrate determination in biological fluids by an enzymatic one-step assay with nitrate reductase. Clin Chem.

;41(6 Pt 1):904-907.

Vanuffelen BE, Van Der Zee J, De Koster BM, Vansteveninck J, Elferink JG. Intracellular but not extracellular conversion of nitroxyl

anion into nitric oxide leads to stimulation of human neutrophil migration. Biochem J. 1998;330(Pt(2)):719-722.

Al-Nimer MS, Al-Ani FS, Ali FS. Role of nitrosative and oxidative stress in neuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J

Neurosci Rural Pract. 2012;03(1):41-44.

Bradford MM. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of icrogram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-

dye binding. Anal Biochem. 1976;72:248-254.

Taysi S, Sari RA, Dursun H, et al. Evaluation of nitric oxide synthase activity, nitric oxide, and homocysteine levels in patients with

active Behcet’s disease. Clin Rheumatol. 2008;27(12):1529-1534.

Bakan N, Taysi S, Yilmaz O, et al. Glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase activities, glutathione,

nitric oxide, and malondialdehyde concentrations in serum of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Clin Chim Acta.

;338(1-2):143-149.

Mantovani G, Maccio A, Madeddu C, et al. Quantitative evaluation of oxidative stress, chronic inflammatory indices and leptin in

cancer patients: Correlation with stage and performance status. Int J Cancer. 2002;98(1):84-91.

Ahlatci A, Kuzhan A, Taysi S, et al. Radiation-modifying abilities of Nigella sativa and thymoquinone on radiation-induced nitrosative

stress in the brain tissue. Phytomedicine. 2014;21(5):740-744.

Taskin A, Tarakcioglu M, Ulusal H, et al. Idarubicin-bromelain combination sensitizes cancer cells to conventional chemotherapy.

Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2019;22(10):1172-1178.

Demir E, Taysi S, Ulusal H, et al. Nigella sativa oil and thymoquinone reduce oxidative stress in the brain tissue of rats exposed to total head irradiation. Int J Radiat Biol. 2020;96(2):228-235.

Taysi S, Koc M, Buyukokuroglu ME, et al. Melatonin reduces lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide during irradiation-induced oxidative

injury in the rat liver. J Pineal Res. 2003;34(3):173-177.